Stone is one of the most abundant building materials in the world. The quarried stone is widely used in various architectural decorations after deep processing. Therefore, it also promotes the development of the quarrying industry, which is a matter of mining stone, marble, or slate from quarries.
The early quarrying method was a workshop-type, which was operated manually with a pneumatic rock drill. This way not only slowed drilling efficiency but also easily causes waste of stone.
Application of Rock Drilling Tools in Quarrying
Nowadays, people generally use full hydraulic rock drills for quarrying. The matching rock drilling tools mainly include the T38-D39-T38 structure with lengths of 1220mm, 1525 mm, 1830 mm extension rod, and MF rod, diameters of φ64mm, φ70mm, φ76 mm button bits; T45-D46-T45 structure with lengths of 1525 mm,1830mm extension rod, and MF rod, diameters of φ76 mm, φ89 mm button bits; T51-D52-T51 structure with lengths of 1830 mm extension rod, and MF rod, diameters of φ89 mm button bit, etc.
Individual quarries generally use low-pressure DTH drilling tools because of the low price. And construction quarries mainly use medium and high-pressure DTH drilling tools.
Application of Rock Blot in Quarrying
Long-term disorderly quarrying usually results in geological instability and a series of natural disasters such as soil erosion, landslides, and mudslides. Suitable rock bolts can be selected to support according to the geological conditions and support needs.
The principles of rock bolt support include the suspension, composite beam, wedging, extrusion reinforcement arch, and span reduction.
The methods commonly used for the stability control of quarry slopes are:
1. For steeper slopes with unstable rock mass and accumulations, the slope shall be cut, and rock bolt support shall be carried out to stabilize the rock mass.
2. For slopes in water-rich areas, it is necessary to formulate a plan combining surface drainage and underground drainage and set up intercepting ditches and drainage ditches for drainage measures.
3. For the broken zone partially affected by the geological structure, take measures such as removing dangerous rocks and setting up rock bolts, steel mesh, and shotcrete support.
4. For slopes with severe weathering of rocks that are likely to cause small-scale landslides, retaining walls should be used for treatment after slope cutting.
5. To prevent potential safety hazards caused by the rolling of pumice stones, the slope surface must be cleaned and strictly inspected, and then rock bolts and metal meshes shall be fixed on the slope.
